Introduction
Privilege escalation in cloud messaging infrastructure can disrupt business workflows and compromise notification integrity for millions of users. CVE-2025-59500 targets Azure Notification Service, a core Microsoft Azure offering that powers cross-platform push notifications for enterprise and consumer applications. Azure Notification Hubs, the affected component, is widely used to deliver messages to iOS, Android, and Windows devices at scale.
Technical Information
CVE-2025-59500 is an improper access control vulnerability (CWE-284) in Azure Notification Service. The service relies on Shared Access Signature (SAS) policies to manage permissions for operations such as Listen, Send, and Manage. Each SAS policy is intended to restrict users or applications to specific actions within a notification hub. For example, client apps typically receive Listen-only permissions, while backend systems may be granted broader access.
The vulnerability allows an attacker with valid credentials and limited privileges (for example, Listen) to perform actions that should be restricted to higher privilege levels (such as Send or Manage). This is possible due to insufficient enforcement of privilege boundaries in the service's access control logic. The flaw is remotely exploitable (CVSS v3.1: AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N) and does not require user interaction. The primary impact is on integrity, as unauthorized operations can be performed, but there is no direct impact on confidentiality or availability.
No public sources provide code snippets, exploit details, or detection methods for this vulnerability.
Affected Systems and Versions
- Azure Notification Service (Notification Hubs)
- No specific version numbers or configuration details are available in public sources
Vendor Security History
Microsoft Azure has previously addressed improper access control and privilege escalation vulnerabilities in its cloud services, including Azure Automation and Azure Entra ID. The October 2025 Patch Tuesday included the largest number of fixes for the year, with several privilege escalation flaws patched across Azure services. Microsoft typically responds with monthly security updates and has a mature process for vulnerability disclosure and remediation.
